Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?

81. Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?

a.	It does not appreciate the social context of work.
b.	It does not appreciate the higher needs of workers.
c.	It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.
d.	It does not acknowledge variance among individuals.
e.	It tends to regard workers as uninformed and ignored their ideas and suggestions.

ANS:

82. Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of

a.	bureaucratic organizations.
b.	scientific management.
c.	quantitative management.
d.	administrative management.
e.	behavioral science.

ANS:

83. The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the ____.

a.	classical perspective
b.	systems theory
c.	scientific management
d.	learning organization
e.	management science view

ANS:

84. According to Weber’s ideas on bureaucracy, organizations should be based on which of these?

a.	Personal loyalty
b.	Personal references
c.	Rational authority
d.	Family ties
e.	Charismatic authority

ANS:

85. All of the following are characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy EXCEPT:

a.	Labor is divided with clear definitions of authority and responsibility that are legitimized as official duties.
b.	Positions are organized in a hierarchy of authority, with each position under the authority of a higher one.
c.	All personnel are selected and promoted based on technical qualifications.
d.	Administrative acts and decisions are recorded in writing.
e.	Management is the same as the ownership of the organization.

ANS:

86. Max Weber felt selection of employees should be based on:

a.	education
b.	competence
c.	connections
d.	political skills
e.	efficient systems

ANS:

87. Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority is an important characteristic of

a.	scientific management.
b.	bureaucratic organizations.
c.	quantitative management.
d.	the human relations movement.
e.	total quality management.

ANS:

88. UPS is successful in the small package delivery market. One important reason for this success is the concept of

a.	globalization.
b.	employee flexibility.
c.	loose standards.
d.	bureaucracy.
e.	non-bureaucratic organizational system.

ANS:

89. Whereas scientific management focused on ______ , administrative principles approach focused on the _______.

a.	individual productivity, total organization
b.	organization productivity, individual effort
c.	efficient procedures, management by principle
d.	employee ability, employee loyalty
e.	employee competence, work flow through the organization

ANS:

90. Mary Parker Follett contributed to which field?

a.	Humanistic approach
b.	Scientific management approach
c.	Total quality management approach
d.	Quantitative approach to management
e.	Systems approach to management

ANS:

91. The ____ refers to a chain of authority extending from top to the bottom of the organization and including every employee.

a.	unity of command
b.	division of labor
c.	unity of direction
d.	scalar chain
e.	None of these

ANS:

92. Mary Parker Follett thought of leadership as ____, rather than techniques.

a.	systems
b.	top managers
c.	people
d.	efficiencies
e.	floor managers

ANS:

93. Chester Bernard felt that ____ could help a poorly managed organization.

a.	bureaucracy
b.	line managers
c.	efficiencies
d.	informal relations
e.	top/down flow of information

ANS:

94. The ____ emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace as well as social interactions and group processes.

a.	humanistic perspective
b.	classical perspective
c.	scientific management
d.	bureaucratic organizations
e.	contingency perspective

ANS:

95. Which of these refers to the management movement that was based on the idea that truly effective control comes from within the individual worker rather than from strict, authoritarian control?

a.	Scientific management perspective
b.	Human resource perspective
c.	Management science perspective
d.	Behavioral sciences approach
e.	Human relations movement

ANS:

96. Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was

a.	money.
b.	days off.
c.	human relations.
d.	lighting.
e.	free food.

ANS:

97. A “dairy farm” view of management, i.e., contented cows give more milk, so satisfied workers will give more work was espoused by

a.	human relations management.
b.	human resource perspective.
c.	behavioral science approach.
d.	management science perspective.
e.	None of these.

ANS:

98. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs started with which of these needs?

a.	Esteem
b.	Love
c.	Safety
d.	Physiological
e.	Belongingness

ANS:

99. Tommy believes his employees are responsible, creative, and able to work with minimal direction. He is a

a.	Theory X manager.
b.	Theory Y manager.
c.	Theory Z manager.
d.	Theory A manager.
e.	contingency theory manager.

ANS:

100. Beth Brant, production supervisor at Trustworthy Tools Mfg., Inc. believes that her employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and therefore they need to be controlled and directed. Beth is a

a.	Theory X manager.
b.	Theory Y manager.
c.	realistic manager.
d.	Theory Z manager.
e.	Theory J manager.

ANS