Where does tradition with the corporate

Where does tradition with the corporate community tend to place the burden of justification in a whistle-blowing case?
a. On the whistle-blower’s co-workers who should support the whistle-blower
b. On the company as a whole
c. On the employee blowing the whistle
d. On the corporation’s senior management and corporate attorneys
67. Which of the following conditions is necessary for whistle-blowing to be morally permissible, but not morally obligatory?
a. The firm will do serious and considerable harm to employees or to the public.
b. The whistle-blower has documented evidence that would convince a reasonable, impartial observer that one’s view of the situation is correct, and that the company’s product poses a serious danger to the publ ic.
c. The employee has good reason to believe that by going public, the necessary changes wi II be brought about.
d. The whistle-blower has reason to believe that he/she will be seen as failing to be loyal to the company.

68. Whistle-blowing is often thought to indicate the falsity of which common myth?
a. The Myth of Stakeholder Interest
b. The Myth of Amoral Business
c. The Myth of Moral Business
d. The Myth of Shareholder Interest
69. Which of the following conditions is necessary for whistle-blowing to be morally obligatory?
a. The employee has exhausted the internal procedures and possibilities within the firm, maybe even to the board of directors.
b. The employee has good reason to believe that by going public, the necessary changes will be brought about.
c. The firm will do serious and considerable harm to employees or to the public.
d. The employee has reported the serious threat to his/her immediate supervisor.
70. Which of the following describe “personal whistle-blowing”?
a. Morally permitted, but not morally required
b. Morally obligatory
c. Morally forbidden
d. Morally irrelevant
71. One might argue that attempts by the government to limit an individual’s of tobacco or alcohol is an example of which of the following?
a. Manipulation
b. Coercion
c. Fairness
d. Paternalism
72. Which are the only two developed nations that allow direct-to-consumer advertising of pharmaceutical drugs?
a. United States and Great Britain
b. United States and New Zealand
c. United States and Germany
d. United States and Canada
73. Which of the following is not a way in which a company undercuts the competition afforded by another unethically?
a. Pricing one’s product lower than one’s costs, thus making the competition operate at a loss.
b. Buying up competitor companies to eliminate competition.
c. Targeting products in one area to subsidize losses in another, thus driving out the competition.
d. By producing a better product and coming to dominate the field.
74. When, in the event of a civil emergency like a hurricane, merchants raise prices beyond what is considered a fair or reasonable price, the practice is called which of the following?
a. Price gouging
b. Price fixing
c. Price markups
d. Price jobbing
75. Which of the following is a way in which secret bidding tends to produce fairer bids?
a. If the process were open, a firm that could make a profit at a price considerably less than the competition might bid up the price to put pressure on that competitor.
b. If the competition were open, a firm might start out at a high bid to scare others off from bidding.
c. If the process were open, a firm that could make a profit at a price considerably less than the competition would make a bid only just enough less to win the contract.
d. If the competition were open, firms might get into a bidding war for the contract.
76. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of junk mail?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is an invasion of privacy.
c. It is time consuming and intrusive.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.
77. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of spam?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is an invasion of privacy.
c. It is time consuming and intrusive.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.
78. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of direct phone solicitation?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is time consuming and intrusive.
c. It is an invasion of privacy.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.

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79. Which of the following is true about the rights and obligations of employers in the employment-at-wi II doctri ne?
a. Employers are free to hire whomever they choose but must give just cause for firing them.
b. Employers must hire the best qualified person for the job and must give just cause for firing them.
c. Employers are free to hire whomever they choose and to fire them whenever they choose.
d. Employers must fire the best qualified person for the job but can fire them whenever they choose.
BO. Which of the following is true about affirmative action?
a. Qualified women and minority members cannot be given preference on the basis of sex or race.
b. Affirmative action justifies hiring unqualified women or minority members in preference to men.
c. Preferential hiring is a mandatory way of making adequate progress toward achieving affirmative-action goals.
d. Qualified women and minority members can morally be given preference in order to achieve affirmative action goals.
B1. Which of the following is not a criticism of the employment-at-will doctrine?
a. The relationship is not symmetrical because the employee can set the conditions of employment because it is h is or her labor that is purchased.
b. The relationship is not symmetrical because ordinary workers must work to get the wherewithal to Iive, and so he is both forced to work and lives in fear of losing his job if he has no contract guaranteeing him a secure position.
c. The relationship is not symmetrical because ordinary workers are not free to set the conditions of employment they way the employer is free to set the conditions for the potential employee.
d. The relationship is not symmetrical because the employee cannot work for whatever company he or she chooses, but is limited by the openings available and by the choice or choices offered.
B2. Workers have all of the following rights EXCEPT:
a. Vacations
b. Promotion
c. Rest periods
d. Workdays of reasonable length
83. Which of the following is a utilitarian argument against discrimination?
a. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons. They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are denied equal treatment and respect.
b. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
84. Which of the following is a Kantian argument against discrimination?
a. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
b. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons. They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are denied equal treatment and respect.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
85. Which of the following is a Rawlsian argument against discrimination?
a. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
b. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons. They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are denied equal treatment and respect.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
86. Which of the following is an example of tangible property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings

87. Which of the following is an example of intangible property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
88. Which of the following is an example of real property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
89. Which of the following is an example of intellectual property?
a. Land, buiIdings, and add itions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
90. From an ethical perspective, which is the proper response with regards to the length of a copyright?
a. Ethics cannot provide a specific period.
b. The longer contemporary period is better than the shorter historical period.
c. The shorter historical period is better than the longer contemporary period.
d. Both the shorter historical period and the longer contemporary period are best for their time periods.
91. What can ethical reflection tell us about the proper length of a copyright period?
a. No particular length is justified.
b. The period should vary with the quality of the work.
c. Some length or other is justified and an indefinitely long period is too long.
d. Whatever legal definition of the period’s length is appropriate.
92. Which of the following is not covered by the doctrine of fair use?
a. Scholarly criticism and scholarship
b. Research
c. News reporting
d. Using copies instead of assigning a text